Garfish, with their slender bodies, long beaks, and vibrant green bones, are among the most exciting species to catch in UK waters during the warmer months. Found mainly around the south and west coasts of England and Wales, they’re known for their speed, acrobatics, and willingness to strike at surface baits. Catching garfish in the UK is both fun and accessible, making them a great target for beginner and experienced anglers alike. Whether fishing from piers, rocks, or boats, the right techniques and a bit of timing can yield some excellent sport.
Understanding Garfish and Their Habits
Where Garfish Are Found in the UK
Garfish are migratory fish that visit UK waters in spring and summer, typically from April through September. They favor warmer, inshore waters and are often found around piers, harbours, rocky headlands, and estuaries. Southern England, especially Devon, Cornwall, and the Isle of Wight, is considered a prime region for garfish fishing, though they can also be caught off the coasts of Wales and occasionally in parts of Scotland.
When to Fish for Garfish
Timing is key when targeting garfish. These fish are more active during warmer periods and are especially lively on bright days with calm seas. Garfish feed near the surface, so early morning and late afternoon are often the most productive times, especially when the sun is lower, and baitfish are active. Spring tides can also help bring them in close to shore, making them easier to target from land-based spots.
Tackle and Gear for Garfish Fishing
Rod and Reel Setup
Light spinning gear is ideal when fishing for garfish. A rod between 8 to 10 feet with a casting weight of 10-30 grams is sufficient. Match it with a 2500 to 4000-size spinning reel loaded with 10-15 lb monofilament or light braid. Since garfish have soft mouths, a lighter setup helps avoid pulling hooks out during the fight.
Terminal Tackle
- Float rig: A clear bubble float or slim pencil float works well to present bait near the surface where garfish feed.
- Hook: Small, strong hooks in sizes 6 to 10 are ideal. Long-shank hooks are particularly effective due to the garfish’s beak-like mouth.
- Trace line: Use a 10-12 lb fluorocarbon or mono trace of about 2 feet. Garfish aren’t toothy like mackerel, so wire traces aren’t necessary.
Best Baits for Catching Garfish
Natural Baits
Garfish are opportunistic feeders and will readily take small strips of fish. The most popular and effective bait is thin slivers of mackerel belly or herring, which shimmer and flutter in the water to imitate small baitfish. Other good options include sandeel, squid strips, and even pieces of prawn. Always use baits that are cut thin and long this increases the chance of a hook-up.
Artificial Lures
Spinning for garfish is also a productive method. Small silver spinners, spoons, and feather rigs can be effective, especially when garfish are aggressively feeding. Small surface lures like poppers and stickbaits can provoke exciting strikes and are a thrilling way to catch them. Keep retrieves quick and erratic to mimic fleeing prey.
Effective Techniques for Garfish Fishing
Float Fishing Method
Float fishing is the most common and reliable method for targeting garfish in the UK. Cast your rig out and let it drift with the current. Adjust the depth so your bait is suspended near the surface usually just a couple of feet below the float. Watch your float carefully for any signs of movement. Garfish often bite subtly, so a twitch or slow drag under the surface is enough to strike.
Spinning for Garfish
When garfish are actively feeding or shoaling in clear water, spinning with small lures can be very effective. Cast beyond the feeding zone and retrieve quickly. Garfish are visual hunters and will chase a fast-moving lure across the surface. Feather rigs can also work well when retrieved quickly or jigged through the upper water layers.
Chumming or Loose Feeding
One way to keep garfish near your fishing spot is by loose feeding or chumming with small bits of fish. Drop small pieces of mackerel into the water to create a scent trail and visual stimulus. This can attract garfish and keep them engaged in the area, increasing your chances of multiple hook-ups.
Landing and Handling Garfish
How to Land Garfish Safely
Once hooked, garfish tend to fight hard and often leap from the water. Use a steady retrieve and avoid jerking the rod to prevent the hook from coming loose. A small landing net is useful, especially from piers or rocks. Their long, slender bodies can make them awkward to lift by hand, and their delicate jaws can be damaged easily.
Handling Tips
- Always wet your hands before handling to protect their slime coat.
- Grip them gently behind the head to avoid harming the fish.
- If you plan to release them, use barbless hooks for easy unhooking.
Fishing Locations in the UK for Garfish
Popular Hotspots
- Chesil Beach, Dorset: Known for a wide variety of species including garfish during summer.
- Brighton Marina, East Sussex: A reliable spot for float fishing with light tackle.
- St Ives, Cornwall: Good for both shore and boat fishing.
- South Wales Coast: Offers excellent rocky marks and estuary access where garfish gather in summer.
Urban and Harbour Fishing
Many harbours and sheltered urban piers provide perfect environments for garfish. These areas often attract small baitfish, drawing in garfish looking for an easy meal. They’re also great places for beginners due to calm waters and easy access.
Seasonal and Legal Considerations
Seasonal Movement
As summer fades, garfish begin migrating southward. By late September or October, their numbers drop in UK waters. The best time to fish for them is between May and early September when they’re most active and inshore.
Catch and Release
Garfish are not subject to specific size or bag limits in most parts of the UK, but responsible angling is encouraged. They are edible, but many anglers prefer to release them due to their bony texture and unique green-colored bones, which can put some people off. Always check local regulations before fishing.
Catching garfish in the UK offers light-hearted fun and fast-paced fishing action for anglers of all levels. With the right gear, bait, and techniques, you can enjoy success whether fishing from a coastal pier, rocky shore, or small boat. Their striking appearance, surface strikes, and spirited fights make them a memorable species to pursue. As with any type of fishing, patience, observation, and adaptability are the keys to success. So the next time summer arrives and you’re by the coast, bring a light setup and try your hand at catching one of the most exciting surface-feeders in British waters the garfish.