Garfish are among the most fascinating and active species to target, known for their long, slender bodies and sharp beaks. They swim near the surface and often leap from the water when hooked, adding excitement to any fishing trip. Catching garfish successfully requires a mix of technique, the right equipment, and a bit of patience. Whether you’re fishing from a pier, a boat, or the shoreline, understanding the habits of garfish can greatly increase your chances of success.
Understanding Garfish Behavior
Habitat and Feeding Patterns
Garfish typically inhabit coastal waters, estuaries, and shallow bays. They prefer warmer waters and are most active during spring and summer months. Garfish often swim in schools and are found close to the surface, feeding on small crustaceans, plankton, and tiny baitfish. This surface-feeding behavior makes them ideal for float fishing techniques.
Best Time to Fish
The best time to catch garfish is during a rising or high tide, particularly early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the sun isn’t too strong. They are more active when the water is calm, so choose a day with light winds and steady tides for better results.
Essential Gear for Garfish Fishing
Rods and Reels
A light spinning rod of around 7 to 9 feet is suitable for garfish. Pair it with a small spinning reel that has a smooth drag system. The gear should be sensitive enough to detect subtle bites while offering enough control to reel in these nimble fish.
Line and Terminal Tackle
Use a light fishing line, typically in the 2 to 6 lb range. Fluorocarbon or monofilament lines work well due to their low visibility in the water. Terminal tackle includes small hooks (size 10 to 14), fine floats, and split shot sinkers to balance your rig. Garfish have sharp eyesight and delicate mouths, so using fine gear is essential.
Floats and Leaders
A pencil float or stick float is ideal for detecting bites. Attach a short leader line of about 30 cm to the hook. Use a small swivel to prevent line twist and allow your bait to move naturally. For better presentation, add a couple of split shots to keep the bait just beneath the surface.
Bait and Attractants
Effective Bait Options
Garfish prefer small, fresh bait. Some popular options include:
- Silverfish or whitebait
- Peeled prawn pieces
- Bread dough or small bread balls
- Tiny slivers of squid or pilchard
It’s important to use small pieces that easily fit in their narrow mouths. Fresh bait typically outperforms frozen or preserved alternatives.
Using Berley (Chum)
One of the most effective techniques for attracting garfish is to use berley (also known as chum). A berley mix made from breadcrumbs, fish oil, and mashed pilchards can create a slick trail in the water that brings garfish close to your fishing spot. Distribute the berley slowly and consistently to keep the fish interested and nearby.
Techniques for Catching Garfish
Float Fishing Method
Float fishing is the most popular and effective method for catching garfish. Here’s how to do it:
- Cast your baited hook and float setup near the berley trail.
- Allow the bait to drift naturally with the current just below the surface.
- Watch the float carefully for small dips or movements that indicate a bite.
- Strike gently when you notice a bite, as garfish have soft mouths and can easily be torn off the hook.
This method is both fun and productive, especially when fishing from piers or boats in calm conditions.
Using a Bubble Float
A bubble float is another option for surface fishing. Fill it partially with water to give it weight, then attach your leader and bait below. This setup is ideal for casting further distances while keeping the bait near the surface, where garfish usually feed.
Handline Fishing
For those who enjoy traditional methods, handline fishing can be a fun way to catch garfish. Use a light handline, attach a float, and bait the hook as described above. This method works well from jetties or small boats and allows for quick and direct action.
Tips for Success
Stay Quiet and Still
Garfish are easily spooked by noise or sudden movements. Try to remain as quiet and still as possible, especially when fishing in clear, shallow waters. Wearing neutral-colored clothing can also help you blend into the surroundings and avoid scaring the fish.
Adjust Your Depth
If you’re not getting bites, try adjusting the depth of your bait slightly. Garfish sometimes feed closer to the surface or just below it, depending on water temperature, clarity, and food availability.
Keep the Berley Going
Garfish respond well to a constant source of berley. Don’t let the trail stop otherwise, they may lose interest and move on. A small berley cage or spoon can help you distribute a steady stream of attractants.
Use Multiple Rods or Hooks
If local regulations permit, using more than one rod or multiple hooks can increase your chances of landing fish. Just make sure your setup doesn’t become tangled, especially if fishing from a small area.
Handling and Cleaning Garfish
Landing and Unhooking
Use a small landing net to avoid losing fish near the surface. Garfish can thrash around when brought in, and their beak-like mouths can easily come loose from the hook. Handle them gently and use pliers if needed to remove the hook.
Cleaning and Storage
Garfish have soft flesh and are best cleaned soon after being caught. Gut them and store on ice or in a cool container. Their fine bones and delicate taste make them ideal for frying or grilling. Some anglers prefer to butterfly them and remove the backbone before cooking.
Catching garfish is a rewarding and enjoyable experience for anglers of all levels. With the right techniques, gear, and bait, you can consistently land these agile fish in a variety of environments. Float fishing with a light rod and line, combined with the use of effective berley, remains the most efficient way to target garfish. Whether you’re fishing from the beach, a pier, or a small boat, a little preparation goes a long way. Stay patient, observe their behavior, and adjust your setup as needed to improve your results. Garfish offer not only great sport but also excellent table fare, making them a favorite among inshore fishing enthusiasts.