In construction and masonry work, the terms ‘mortel’ and ‘specie’ are often used interchangeably, especially in regions where Dutch or similar languages influence terminology. However, understanding the difference between mortel and specie is important for professionals and DIY enthusiasts alike. These materials, while closely related, serve distinct purposes in building projects and have different compositions, consistencies, and applications. Clarifying these differences can help ensure that the right material is used for the right job, improving the overall durability and strength of a structure.
Understanding Mortel and Specie
What Is Mortel?
Mortel, or mortar in English, is a construction mixture used primarily for bonding masonry units such as bricks, stones, or concrete blocks. It acts as a glue that holds these elements together, forming a unified structure. Mortel is typically composed of fine sand, a binder such as cement or lime, and water. The result is a paste that hardens over time, creating a strong bond between masonry units.
The primary characteristics of mortel include:
- Smooth and workable texture for easy application
- High adhesive strength
- Relatively thin consistency compared to concrete
- Used in vertical and horizontal joints of brickwork
What Is Specie?
Specie, often referred to as ‘metsel specie’ or masonry mortar in some regions, is a broader term that includes any blend of binder, aggregates, and water used in masonry. While mortel specifically refers to the bonding material between bricks, specie can also refer to plastering mixtures, floor screeds, or even certain types of concrete blends depending on the local context.
Specie generally includes:
- A mix of sand and cement, sometimes with lime or other additives
- A range of consistencies depending on the intended use
- Various applications, from laying bricks to plastering or repairing surfaces
Key Differences Between Mortel and Specie
Composition
The composition of mortel is usually more refined and controlled compared to specie. Mortel typically includes:
- Fine-grained sand
- Cement or lime as a binder
- Water
Specie may contain coarser aggregates and can be modified to suit different applications. For example, for floor screeds, a rougher sand may be used, while plastering specie might have a smoother texture.
Consistency and Workability
Mortel has a smooth, creamy consistency that allows for precise application between bricks and blocks. It needs to be workable enough to allow for clean joint formation but firm enough to hold masonry units in place.
Specie varies in consistency. Depending on the job whether it’s filling gaps, leveling floors, or rendering walls it may be more fluid or thicker than standard mortel. This adaptability makes specie a versatile term in masonry work.
Application Purpose
Mortel is specifically used for bonding purposes in masonry construction. Its job is to hold bricks, blocks, or stones together and create structural stability.
Specie has a broader use. While it includes mortel, it can also refer to plaster mixes, screeds, and even general-purpose mixtures used for small repair jobs or filling work. In essence, all mortel is specie, but not all specie is mortel.
Durability and Strength
Mortel is designed for bonding and must have high adhesive strength and resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, temperature fluctuations, and load-bearing stresses.
Specie, depending on its intended use, may prioritize workability or finish over strength. For example, a wall render (a type of specie) needs to be smooth and easy to spread but does not require the same load-bearing capability as a mortar joint.
Common Types of Mortel and Specie
Types of Mortel
- Cement Mortel: Made with Portland cement and sand. Very strong and commonly used in modern construction.
- Lime Mortel: Includes lime, which makes it more flexible and breathable. Often used in historic or restoration projects.
- Mixed Mortel: A combination of cement and lime for a balance between strength and flexibility.
Types of Specie
- Masonry Specie: Similar to mortel, used for laying bricks and blocks.
- Render Specie: Used for coating and finishing walls.
- Screed Specie: A thicker mixture used for leveling floors before tiles or other finishes are applied.
Choosing Between Mortel and Specie
Project Requirements
When deciding whether to use mortel or specie, consider the specific requirements of your construction task:
- Use mortel for precise masonry bonding where strength and durability are essential.
- Use specie when a more adaptable or general-purpose mixture is needed, such as for plastering or floor leveling.
Material Availability
In some regions, the availability of pre-mixed mortel or specie may influence the choice. Pre-bagged mortel offers consistency and ease of use for smaller jobs, while on-site mixed specie provides flexibility and cost savings for larger-scale projects.
Environmental Considerations
Lime-based mortel and certain types of specie are more environmentally friendly due to their breathability and reduced carbon footprint. These may be preferred in sustainable or historic building projects.
While the terms mortel and specie are sometimes used interchangeably, they represent different aspects of construction materials. Mortel is a specific type of bonding agent used primarily in masonry work, known for its strength and precision. Specie, on the other hand, is a broader category that includes various construction mixtures tailored to different applications. Understanding the difference between mortel and specie helps builders, contractors, and homeowners make better decisions for both structural integrity and aesthetic finish. Whether you’re building a brick wall or preparing a smooth plastered surface, choosing the right material ensures the success and longevity of the project.